Page 331 - Important Provisions of The New Civil Code

Article 1317. No one may contract in the name

of another without being authorized by the

latter, or unless he has by law a right to

represent him.

A contract entered into in the name of another

by one who has no authority or legal

representation, or who has acted beyond his

powers, shall be unenforceable, unless it is

ratified, expressly or impliedly, by the person on

whose behalf it has been executed, before it is

revoked by the other contracting party.

Article 1318. There is no contract unless the

following requisites concur:

(1) Consent of the contracting parties;

(2) Object certain which is the subject matter

of the contract;

(3) Cause of the obligation which is

established. (1261)