Page 355 - Important Provisions of The New Civil Code

Article 1437. When in a contract between third

persons concerning immovable property, one

of them is misled by a person with respect to

the ownership or real right over the real estate,

the latter is precluded from asserting his legal

title or interest therein, provided all these

requisites are present:

(1) There must be fraudulent representation

or wrongful concealment of facts known to

the party estopped;

(2) The party precluded must intend that the

other should act upon the facts as

misrepresented;

(3) The party misled must have been

unaware of the true facts; and

(4) The party defrauded must have acted in

accordance with the misrepresentation.